Smoking

Smoking has known as a serious problem because of its many bad effects in the body. This is dangerous not only to the active smokers, but also to those second-hand smokers. Based on scientific studies at least forty diseases and twenty types of cancers are relates to smoking. The most common diseases are chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, ischemic heart disease, stroke and oral cancers. Smoking is also common as a triggering factor for asthma development. Based on research studies smoking cessation will reduce all this risk and health sectors are willing to help those smokers to quit smoking to prevent further complication.

To quit smoking several guidelines will be consider:

• Duration of smoking- The longer one smokes, the greater the risk.
• Number of cigarettes smoked- a one pack of cigarettes a day will increase the risk of developing chronic diseases.
• Age started smoking- the younger one started smoking, the shorter the life span.
• Pattern of inhaling- the deeper one that inhales a smoke the greater the nicotine will be stock in the lungs.

There are many harmful substances of cigarettes like TAR that serves as a particulate matter left when water and nicotine are removed from cigarette smoke, this will be the one being deposited in the lungs and continuous to destroy the alveoli. Nicotine also a particulate that causes the epinephrine and nor epinephrine be release and contribute in arrhythmia. Carbon monoxide will reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. The total substances that a cigarette contains are more than 4000 chemicals and 43 proven a carcinogenic.

Signs that a smoker is having systemic degeneration are hypertension, increased heart rate, productive cough and low-grade fever. To undergo smoking cessation is not easy, several changes will happen, as the therapy is ongoing. This therapy will be successful if the smoker and the health care provider will work together properly. The therapy will only lasts for 72 hours but the effect will be more than ten years after quitting smoking.

The strategies that used by healthcare providers in helping smokers to quit are:

1. ASK - identify what kind of cigarette and assess smoking status if he is a change smoker. Assess the willingness of the smoker to quit and give encouragement to motivate the smoker to quit.
2. ASSIST- a quit plan is being design together with the smoker and the date is set when to achieve that the smoker totally quits smoking.
3. FOLLOW-UP- follow-up sessions are set to monitor progress and prevent relapses.

Success rate of smoking cessation techniques for individuals is limited because of the signs and symptoms they experienced when the treatment is ongoing.

Government sectors also help a nation be smoke-free environment because greater risk for those who are second hand smokers and third hand smokers.